Global Risk 2

Quotation:

"Underlying social fragility is also the accelerating pace of change, growing complexity and the deepening extent of global interdependence, which together reduce people’s feeling of control over their immediate environment and hence their sense of stability and security."

"Rising structural unemployment drives both inequality and social pressures. Lower economic growth and technological change are likely to keep unemployment high in the future, also in developing countries."

"The effects associated with climate change will put further pressure on societies. "

Question:

Why we keeping changing the technology when unemployment keepiong rising higher and higher. Why don't we just focus to solve that main problems about economy an job instead of develop the technology ?

Quotation:

"Geopolitical risks can have cascading impacts on other risks. As state structures are challenged by conflict, the risk of the failure of national governance and state collapse or crisis can increase in areas where current state boundaries do not necessarily reflect popular self-identification."

"A recent example is Iraq and Syria, where ISIS has claimed control of territory and attracted 20,000 to 30,000 fighters from a near standing start."

Question:

What is the reason for funding in upgrade weapon with massive destruction ? Weapon is for defense or war ?

Quotation:

"The global unemployment rate is expected to remain at current levels until 2018"

"The risks of a failure of a major financial mechanism of institutions and fiscal crises are perceived as equally impactful and likely as in last year’s report, yet other risks, such as water crises, interstate conflict and the failure of climate-change adaptation, have taken centre stage."

Question:

Is limitation of money debt in specific country can solve this problem, while there are many country have high debt like Greece or China still not able to pay, and we are running our of money ?

Quotation:

"Both water crises and failure of climate-change adaptation are also perceived as more likely and impactful than average. Global water requirements are projected to be pushed beyond sustainable water supplies by 40% by 2030."

"The nexus of food, water, energy and climate change has been identified by the US National Intelligence Council as one of four overarching mega trends that will shape the world in 2030."

Question:

We know that overfishing, deforestation and other ecosystems destructions are harmful to the environment, such as biodiversity loss and climate change, so why don't we stop that when there are already have the solution ?

Quotation:

"While the “Internet of Things” (IoT) will deliver innovations, it will also entail new risks. Analytics on large and disparate data sources can drive breakthrough insights but also raise questions about expectations of privacy and the fair and appropriate use of data about individuals."

"An important characteristic of global risks, which transpires across the cases included in this report, is their interconnectedness, shown in the Interconnections Map"

Question:

Nowaday, the technology has improved to the really high level of development, development is good, but will keep developing technology will solve all the problems, or gradually changing and replacing human, and increase unemployment ?

Global Risk

The significant increase in the negative reviews of the experts for the preparation of fact to deal with challenges such as extreme weather and climate change.Meanwhile, worries about the economic risks like chronic unemployment situation, the lack of jobs or the financial crisis remain the same as last year but undiminished. 

According to the infographic, we can see that the energy price shock increases every day and that means that energy is very rarely now. Discharges is the failure of the financial mechanism and failure of critical infrastructure also increases.

In the other hand, the positive part of it is that the financial crisis and unemployment tends to decline gradually. And the question is, economics are as impactful and likely as other crisis ?

Let's have a look on the next graph. At this graph, we can see that there are not many factors in technological risks like others. The critical information and infrastructure breakdown rising slightly also like the cyber attack around the world. This problem is easily showed as the Anonymous, a group of professional hackers who have many attack on popular website, especially website of government, and other social networks. Besides, the data fraud or theft somehow decreased gradually because recently the website called The Pirate Bay had been shut down and its founders were arrested. Is there any technology crime out there, for terrorism purpose, still working on a big project, that e still not know about ? The Pirate Bay is just the beginning ? Is technology development actually improve our daily life ?

For the last graph, the risk have risen since 2014 significantly. The big problem and so the reason for these changes are climate and atmosphere changed. In fact, water crisis is the biggest problem, has been happening in California for 4 and still keep continue till right now. They are running out water due to the drought for long time. Farming because of this, are way more difficult to reduce, and that lead to lacks of food. But positively, the failure of urban planning has drop fast and may be ended in the future. The question for this, will the balance of global economy help solve the economic crisis ? 

Pollution

One of the biggest problems that the world faces today is the problem of environmental pollution, are increasing every year and cause serious damage to the environment and can not overcome on Earth . Environmental pollution including contamination 5 basic categories as follows: air pollution, water pollution, soil pollution, noise pollution and light.

Air pollution is considered to be the form most toxic pollution to the environment. The cause of air pollution is caused by toxic gases emitted from cars, buses, trucks, trains and factories, namely sulfur dioxide by carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides . Even the smoke from burning leaves or tobacco smoke also cause adverse impacts on the environment, causing damage to people and the atmosphere. Evidence of an increase in air pollution are shown in diseases such as lung cancer, asthma, allergies and other respiratory problems, along with the serious injury and can not be overcome for fauna animals and plants. Even the most natural phenomenon of migratory birds also hampered because of environmental pollution has prevented them come with their seasonal destination.

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) released from refrigerators, air conditioners, deodorants and insecticides have caused serious damage to the environment. This gas was slowly destroying the atmosphere, causing ozone and lead to global warming.

Environmental pollution occurs when water industrial waste being discharged directly into rivers, lakes and other water environment for marine environment did not even "friendly" as before. Humans pollute water sources with the amount of waste decomposition scale, flowers, ash and other wastes in the family. In many rural areas, we still see a lot of people bathing and cooking with the water, causing the water quality becomes extremely bad. Acid rain also contributes to the pollution of water sources. Besides, thermal pollution and the depletion of dissolved oxygen makes water pollution serious inherently more hazardous than this. Water pollution can also indirectly cause soil pollution through runoff and groundwater seepage.

Noise pollution, soil pollution and light pollution are destroying the environment at an alarming rate. Noise pollution including aircraft noise, the noise of cars bus vans, sirens, loudspeakers and industrial noise as well as the effect of high-intensity sound waves very dangerous for contaminated environments, The maximum noise occurs due to one of the inventions of science, modern motor vehicles, responsible for 90% of all unwanted noise worldwide.

Soil contamination as a result of acid rain, polluted water, chemical fertilizers and so lead to crop failures. Soil contamination occurs when chemicals are discharged or leaking underground storage tanks create heavy pollutants in soil. These chemicals include hydrocarbons, heavy metals, MTBE, herbicides, pesticides and chlorinated hydrocarbons.

Light pollution include unwanted illumination, large lighting intensity and astronomy activities.

Environmental pollution can completely be prevented!

Conflict

Nowadays, worldwide seems to be characterised by fragment and distraction. The borders between countries, cultures, hopes, and beliefs. We live in a world that is so much better than the world of thousand years ago, the development of technologies, policies, attitudes, etc ... has changed our life. But not every evolution are better, sometimes we have to deal with things we changed...

What are the benefits we have in this generation of 21st century ? Better healthcare, many kinds of medicines and cure, better chance to survive and recover from sick. Million of life was saved every year. Moreover, transportation, communication, are ways more convenient than they were in the past. But the real problem is, the more we develop, the more things we have to think of and also the more problems appeared. Thousands of years ago, there was no car, no electricity, so we don't need to worry about them. Our ancestors were living days by days farming. Easy life. But now, we created our own worry, our own issues, we care for things around us, what we gonna eat tonight, tomorrow, how much money we get this month, enough for paying bills, etc. Many questions coming up in our brains. We can't stop thinking to other things when doing the different things. 

                                                    

Biodiversity

Biodiversity is a term expressing the diversity of living organisms, species and populations, the genetic variations between them and all the complexities of gathering them into the biomes and ecosystems. Biodiversity is expressed in three levels: genetic diversity, diversity of species and the diversity of ecosystems.

While genetic diversity is given as the difference between the genetic characteristics of the origin, the populations and between the individuals of a species or a population the species diversity of rich extent only on the number of species or species on Earth, in one side, in a country or in a particular scene.About the ecosystem diversity present, yet have a definition and classification for the global level. Diverse ecosystems are typically reviews through the diversity of the species; It may include an evaluation of the relative abundance of the various species, as well as the diversity of species.

The value of biodiversity is extremely large and can be divided into two types of values: values direct and indirect value. Direct economic value of biological diversity is the value of the products that are direct human exploitation and use for the needs of his life; indirect value also includes the ones that humans could not sell, the benefits of which include the quantity and quality of water, soil protection, regeneration, education, scientific research, climate and provide the means for the future of human society.

However, due to various causes, biodiversity, the most valuable resource, a very large role for nature and human life are seriously degraded. Inevitable consequences resulting will reduced. the functions of the ecosystem such as regulate water, prevent erosion, waste assimilation, clean the environment,ensuring the circulation of matter and energy in nature, to minimize natural disasters/extreme consequences on climate. Finally, the economic system will be reduced by the loss of the value of natural resources, environment.

There are 2 main cause groups cause the degradation of biodiversity, which is due to the adverse impacts of natural and human, in that the human influence caused particularly severe from the mid-19th century to the present and mostly do change and degradation extensive landscaping and that has pushed the species and biome in genocide. People destroying, dividing degrade born landscape, exploitation of species for your needs, introduced foreign species and increasing disease is also important causes degrade the biological diversity.

Group of Seven

Since 1975, the head of state or head of government of the major industrial nations have gathered annually to address important issues related to economics and politics of the country or of the entire international community. At the first summit held in the city of France in May 11/1975 Rambouillet 6 participating countries are France, USA, UK, Germany, Japan and Italy, but then some people called G6. At a summit in San Juan Puerto Rico in 1976 with Canada to participate more, and at a summit in London in 1977 with more representatives to attend the European Community. Since then, the group has seven members and is officially known as the G7 group, although the leaders of the 15 developing countries met the leaders of the G7 Group prior to the Summit Paris summit in 1989 with the purpose of understanding the ability to participate in this group of countries. Then since 1991, initially as the Soviet Union and later known as the Russian Federation has joined the conversation prior to the Summit of the G7 Group. Starting from the Naples Summit in 1994, Russia was invited to participate in all of the Group Summit G7 countries and people called it politics Group 8 (P8). The Denver Summit of P8 has become an important milestone, enabling the Russian Federation to participate in all discussions, except for the discussion of financial and economic issues. Visit the Summit Birmingham in England in 1998, the Russian Federation has participated in all the activities of the conference, and it was officially formed from the G8 group. At the Kananaskis Summit in Canada in 2002, Russia has been appointed as the host of the summit of the G8 group in 2006, marking the completion of the process for the Russian Federation to become member the group of G8.

             

The summit of the G8 group to discuss common issues of macroeconomic management, international trade, and relations with developing countries. The issues related to relationships East-West economic, energy and terrorism as well as frequent concern of the G8 group. From the original basis, the agenda of the G8 summit has been significantly expanded to the macro-economic issues like jobs and information networks, transnational issues as the environment, crime and drugs, and a range of issues related to security-political as regional security and arms control. Responsibility Summit hosted by performing rotational cycle of the calendar year as follows: France, USA, UK, Russia (2006), Germany, Japan, Italy and Canada. Throughout each year, the personal representative of the leaders of this country group that meets regularly to discuss the agenda for the annual summit and progress monitoring. In addition, the G8 has established a network of support meetings at ministerial level to allow ministers meetings are conducted annually to continue the work outlined in each summit. It is the meeting of finance ministers, foreign ministers, environment ministers and other ministers concerned. The ministers and officials also held the G8 meeting to address unexpected urgent issues such as terrorism, energy, and development. In each phase, the leaders also established a task force or working group to focus on solving the problem is particularly interested in, such as money laundering related to narcotics, nuclear safety and crime transnational organized.

       

G8 create important opportunities for leaders to discuss international issues and common nature is complex, and establish personal relationships to help them deal effectively with the crisis or sudden shocks. Summit also provides direction for the international community by setting the priorities, identify new issues and guidelines for the new international organization was established. At one point, the summit also adopted the decision to handle urgent issues or generally formed an international order.

The participants in the Summit relative compliance decisions and consensus was made at the annual meeting. Typically, they are particularly compliance agreements in international trade and energy issues, especially the UK, Canada and Germany. The decision of the Summit usually create an international platform to deal with the challenges the new international connections, and to strengthen and reform the existing international ỏganizations. To recognize the central role in the process of global governance, Summit has always attracted thousands of journalists to attend each of the Summit, and some countries are looking to apply for This entry powerful organization. Summit also become a great opportunity for non-governmental organizations and civil society expressed concerns with their frustrations. Annual Meeting of the G8 as well as an opportunity to organize protests against globalization since the Birmingham Summit 1998. The rally took place violence at the Summit Genoa summit in 2001, the result is a participant protesters were killed.

        

Currently, the G8 Group 2 service centers for the dissemination of information and research his "G8 Information Centre" located in the library of the University of Toronto, Canada, and "ngghien Research Center G8 "is located at the university. All publications of the G8 is in the 9 languages are English, French, Russian, German, Italian, Japanese, Spanish, Chinese and Portuguese.

Atomic Energy

                 All nuclear power plants are converted uranium ore into nuclear waste with high radioactivity through the process of disintegration of nuclei. Do emit radiation, nuclear waste is a threat to human life. Therefore, it should be kept separate from the certainty of human and animal and plant hundreds of thousand years. The nuclear power plant in operation since 50 years now, but so far no one knows how to store nuclear waste sure. The world is not to be tm sure how to destroy nuclear waste with high radioactivity from nuclear power plants. Only a short time using atomic energy, has left a heavy burden of nuclear waste in a long time close to the earth's history. If from the primitive humans have nuclear power plants, th to this day we still have to monitor the nuclear waste from that era.

                           

The national development, proving atomic bomb in the early decades have a civilian nuclear program. However, the civilian nuclear programs are often just a disguise for military targets. The program opens in the country access to the technology and knowledge needed for making atomic bombs. This shows: The export and continue to expand nuclear technology significantly increases the hazard running production of nuclear weapons.

       

                   About Atomic Admittedly, one can not replace coal, oil and gas in the nuclear power plant. To replace only 10% of fossil energy in nuclear power by 2050, they will have to build 1000 new nuclear power plants (currently the world's 440 nuclear power plants). The building constructions - the property in case it is possible to build - will last for decades. Reserves will rapidly depleted uranium. Even the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) can not be admitted rapidly expanding nuclear power to limit the atmospheric changes. We have another solution to this problem: Overview of different energy in the world indicates that atmospheric problems are solved through renewable energy sources combined with the technical use of energy saving and efficiency.

       

             Atomic energy is a capital intensive industry - renewable energy is a labor-intensive industries. For example in Germany: In 2002, about 30,000 people work in the nuclear industry. Meanwhile, alone in the field of energy through wind has more than 53000 workers. Renewable energy industry in general has secured employment for 120,000 people, although the contribution of this sector to provide low energy longer. The continued expansion and development of renewable energy each day will create many new jobs. In the next few years, the expansion of the renewable energy sector could create millions of new jobs across the world.